What are the Types of Software Testing and Automation

Software Testing is a process to verify that whether the software product built meets the requirements and functions in the desired way. It is a necessary phase while developing software because it removes bugs, errors, defects of the software. No software exists without bugs, defects and the larger the software is the higher is the potential of bugs and errors. Testing ensures reliability, security, and high performance which further results in time-saving, cost-effectiveness, and customer satisfaction.

Testing usually includes test cases that will be implemented on a particular part/module of the system to be tested to ensure it works properly. The output after performing testing with a test case is compared with the expected output. If they are different then debugging and changing the program must be done and a retest must be performed until both outputs match. Generation of test cases and implementing them are the main tasks in software testing. Broadly, there are 3 types of testing :
⦁ Functional Testing (Unit testing, integration testing, smoke testing, etc)
⦁ Non-Functional Testing (Load testing, stress testing, Performance testing, etc)
⦁ Maintenance Testing (Regression testing)

These types of testing are performed in different phases of the software development life cycle.
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Automation Testing:
Manual testing of software involves human efforts to create tests and executing all of them. In modern software development cycles, the software is usually tested with many test cases such as repetitive tests that executive the same part of code or the same portion, etc which are practically impossible to implement manually. Automation to the rescue. Automation testing is the testing performed by automated tools without human intervention. These are developed and used widely in almost every SDLC. This reduces the cost, time, and efforts require for testing. Almost all types, all phases of testing can be automated.

Types of Automation Tests:
Here are some major types of testing that can be automated.
1. Unit Testing
In this type of testing, the basic blocks of the software like classes, individual components, or units are tested usually. The unit tests are generally designed by the developer and also testing will be performed in the development phase itself. Automation testers can also design test cases in this testing and It is considered as the basic phase of testing.

2. Smoke Testing
This is performed to test whether the deployed build is stable or not. Simply, It verifies the essential features whether they are working properly so that testers could perform further phases of testing.
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3. Functional Testing
It is performed to verify whether the functionalities of the software works according to the requirements of it or not. Many types of testing will be covered in functional testing such as GUI(user interface), APIs, database, and security, etc. This testing will not need the source code and its architecture. It simply checks the correctness of the functions in the software.

4. Integration Testing
After the individual sections of software are tested with unit testing, these units are integrated and tested under integration testing. It aims on testing communication between the individual modules. Before integration testing, unit testing of individual modules must be completed. Defects and bugs such as misinterpretation of data shared can be detected and removed in this testing.

Also Read: What Is Software Testing? Check Out The Ways And Importance Of Software Testing

5. Regression Testing
Regression testing is performed to verify that a recent change in code doesn’t affect the existing features of your web app. In simple terms, it verifies that the old code works in the same way as they were before making new changes. As this is frequently performed, It reduces cost and time by automating tests. If you are interested to learn more about Regression Testing, check the Software testing online course.

Apart from the above testing types, there are some other automated tests as well that need to be executed, such as data-driven testing, black box testing, keyword testing, etc.

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